Journal of Medicine and Applied Clinical Sciences | Volume 1 Issue 1 | Pages: 1-3

Editorial Article

OPEN ACCESS | Published on : 31-Dec-2025

HbA1c Assay as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Diabetic Patients

• Khalid Abdelsamea Mohamedahmed
• Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jerash University, Jerash, Jordan.; Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan.; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan.

Abstract

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is one of the most for detection and long-term tracking diabetes mellitus due to measuring average blood glucose levels during the preceding 2-3 months. It is crucial for determining glycemic control and forecasting the likelihood of long-term diabetic consequences, especially microvascular illness. This mini-review focusing in the biochemical basis of glycosylated hemoglobin. its diagnostic and prognostic value, and major factors affecting its reliability. Although HbA1c minimizes the impact of short-term glucose fluctuations, its accuracy may be compromised by non-glycemic factors such as altered erythrocyte turnover, hemoglobin variants, comorbid conditions, and genetic polymorphisms. Awareness of these limitations is crucial for appropriate interpretation of HbA1c results. Understanding these restrictions is essential for correctly interpreting HbA1c findings. HbA1c remains a cornerstone in diabetes care, but optimal use requires integration with clinical context and complementary glycemic assessments.

Keywords

HA1C, Diabetes mellitus, Diagnostic biomarker, Prognostic biomarker

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